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what is the rule for when you use ter versus haver for "there is".

  • Há muito a considerar - there is much to consider
  • Há manteiga na geladeira/frigorífico? - is there butter in the fridge?

but

  • Tem muitos brasileiros aqui. - there are many Brazilians here.
  • Tem cinco brigadeiros na geladeira. - tere are 5 chocolate cupcakes in the fridge

It seems like I can use either. It might be just a mistake in the courseware but I noticed I was flagged wrong for using "Tem" instead of "há" when translating there is much to consider.

2 Answers 2

7

O uso de ter em sentido existencial (como verbo impessoal) não ocorre em português europeu (pelo menos na variedade padrão) e é estigmatizado na norma brasileira, ainda que seja muito frequente na oralidade. É preferível portanto usar o verbo haver:

muito a/para/que considerar.

Uma alternativa consensual com ter terá de ter um sujeito argumental. Por exemplo, com significado semelhante, dependendo do caso, podemos ter:

Temos/Eles têm muito a/para/que considerar.

3

In Portugal all the given examples would use the verb haver.

Not being always true, but my rule of thumb to distinguish between those two verbs is existence (haver) versus possession/ownership/inclusiveness (ter).

When something simple exist, we use haver:

Há quem limpe corações.

When someone owns something or something is a component of something else we use ter:

O José tem dois patos.

O carro tem quatro rodas.

An interesting thing to keep in mind is that the subject of the sentence changes the verb, even when sentence mean more or less the same:

Há muita água no balde. - there is a lot of water in the bucket.

Esse balde tem muita água. - that bucket have a lot of water.

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